鋰電池充電器的基本要求是特定的充電電流和充電電壓，從而保證電池安全充電。增加其它充電輔助功能是為了改善電池壽命，簡化充電器的操作，其中包括給過放電的電池使用涓流充電、電池電壓檢測、輸入電流限制、充電完成后關斷充電器、電池部分(fen)放電后(hou)自動啟動充電等(deng)。

　　鋰離子電池的充電過程可以分為四個階段：涓流充電（低壓預充）、恒流充電、恒壓充電以及充電終止。
　　鋰電池充電器的基本要求是特定的充電電流和充電電壓，從而保證電池安全充電。增加其它充電輔助功能是為了改善電池壽命，簡化充電器的操作，其中包括給過放電的電池使用涓流充電、電池電壓檢測、輸入電流限制、充電完成后關斷充電器、電池部分放電后自動啟動充電等。
　　鋰電池的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式是(shi)(shi)限壓(ya)(ya)恒(heng)流(liu)，都是(shi)(shi)由IC芯片控制的(de)，典(dian)型(xing)的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式是(shi)(shi)：先檢測待(dai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，如果電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低于3V，要先進行預充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)(wei)設(she)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)1/10，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升(sheng)到3V后，進入標準充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程。標準充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)過程為(wei)(wei)：以(yi)設(she)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)進行恒(heng)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升(sheng)到4.20V時，改為(wei)(wei)恒(heng)壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，保(bao)持充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei) 4.20V。此(ci)時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)逐漸下降，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)下降至設(she)定(ding)(ding)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)1/10時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)結束。下圖為(wei)(wei)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)曲線(xian)。

　　階段1：涓流充電——涓流充電用來先對完全放電的電池單元進行預充(恢復性充電)。在電池電壓低于3V左右時采用涓流充電，涓流充電電流是恒流充電電流的十分之一即0.1c(以恒定充電電流為1A舉例，則涓流充電電流為100mA)，
　　階段2：恒流充電——當電池電壓上升到涓流充電閾值以上時，提高充電電流進行恒流充電。恒流充電的電流在0.2C至 1.0C之間。電池電壓隨著恒流充電過程逐步升高,一般單節電池設定的此電壓為3.0-4.2V.
　　階段3：恒壓充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)—— 當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓上升(sheng)到4.2V時(shi)，恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結束，開始恒壓充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)階段。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的(de)飽和程度，隨著充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程的(de)繼續充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)由最大值慢慢減少，當(dang)減小到0.01C時(shi)，認為充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)止。（C是以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池標稱容(rong)量對照(zhao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)一種表示方法，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是1000mAh的(de)容(rong)量，1C就是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)1000mA。）