電動車電池充電器保養小常識
1、充電器要專用,不要隨意更換充電器。
不同車型所(suo)配(pei)的充電(dian)器參數基本都不一(yi)樣(yang),在沒有把握(wo)的時(shi)候不要隨意(yi)更(geng)換充電(dian)器。如果必(bi)須在兩地(di)充電(dian)的,那么最好請尚好捷4Cs服務部(bu)的專業(ye)人(ren)員在配(pei)一(yi)只(zhi)專用充電(dian)器。
2、保護好充電器。
充電器在設計時未作為車載式充電器設計,所以現在的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)基(ji)本上都(dou)不耐強烈振(zhen)動(dong),因(yin)此充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一般(ban)不要放在電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)車(che)的(de)后(hou)(hou)備箱和車(che)筐中。如(ru)有特(te)殊情況必須移動(dong)的(de),也要把充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用泡(pao)沫塑料(liao)包(bao)裝(zhuang)好(hao),防止發生振(zhen)動(dong)而顛簸。很多充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)經過振(zhen)動(dong)以后(hou)(hou),其內部的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)會(hui)(hui)漂(piao)移,使(shi)得整個參數改(gai)變,導致充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態不正(zheng)常。另外(wai)需要注意的(de)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)時候要保持充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)風,否則不但影響(xiang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)使(shi)用壽命,還(huan)可能(neng)發生熱(re)漂(piao)移而影響(xiang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態,這(zhe)樣都(dou)會(hui)(hui)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池形(xing)成損傷。(充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)使(shi)用說(shuo)明書一般(ban)都(dou)有涉及)
3、勤充電。
即便(bian)您(nin)的續行(xing)里程要求不(bu)長,充(chong)一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)可以(yi)(yi)使(shi)用2到(dao)3天,我們(men)還(huan)是建議(yi)您(nin)每天都充(chong)電(dian)(dian),這樣使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)處于(yu)淺循環狀(zhuang)態,電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽(shou)命(ming)會(hui)延(yan)長。一(yi)些早期(qi)使(shi)用手機用戶以(yi)(yi)為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最好(hao)是基(ji)本使(shi)用完了以(yi)(yi)后再充(chong)電(dian)(dian),這個觀點(dian)是不(bu)對(dui)的,鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的記憶效益沒有(you)那么強烈。經常放完電(dian)(dian)再充(chong)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽(shou)命(ming)影響比較大(da)。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器在指(zhi)示燈變燈指(zhi)示充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)后,電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)入電(dian)(dian)量(liang)可能是97%~99%.雖然僅僅欠(qian)(qian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)1%~3%的電(dian)(dian)量(liang),對(dui)續行(xing)能力的影響幾乎(hu)可以(yi)(yi)忽略,但是也會(hui)形成欠(qian)(qian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)積(ji)累,所以(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)變燈以(yi)(yi)后還(huan)是盡可能繼續進(jin)行(xing)浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian),對(dui)抑制電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)硫化(hua)也是有(you)好(hao)處的。浮充(chong)電(dian)(dian)基(ji)本不(bu)會(hui)耗電(dian)(dian)。
4、及時充電。
電(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)后就(jiu)(jiu)開(kai)始(shi)了(le)硫(liu)(liu)化(hua)過程(cheng),一般在12小時開(kai)始(shi),就(jiu)(jiu)出現了(le)明顯的(de)硫(liu)(liu)化(hua)結(jie)晶(jing)。及(ji)時充電(dian)(dian),可以(yi)(yi)清(qing)除不嚴重的(de)硫(liu)(liu)化(hua)結(jie)晶(jing),如果不及(ji)時充電(dian)(dian),這些硫(liu)(liu)化(hua)結(jie)晶(jing)將要聚積而(er)逐(zhu)(zhu)步形成(cheng)粗大(da)的(de)結(jie)晶(jing),會逐(zhu)(zhu)步形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)池容量的(de)下降,縮短了(le)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)使(shi)用壽(shou)命。所以(yi)(yi)除了(le)每天充電(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)外,還要注意使(shi)用完了(le)以(yi)(yi)后要及(ji)時充電(dian)(dian),盡可能使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)量處于(yu)飽滿(man)狀態(tai)。
5、定期深放電。
電池(chi)定(ding)期進行一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)深放電也有利于"活化"電池(chi),可(ke)以略微提升電池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法是(shi),定(ding)期對(dui)(dui)電池(chi)進行一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)完(wan)全(quan)放電。完(wan)全(quan)放電的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法是(shi)在(zai)平坦路面正常(chang)負荷的(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)下騎(qi)車到第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)欠(qian)(qian)壓(ya)保護。注意:我們(men)特別強調第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)欠(qian)(qian)壓(ya)保護。電池(chi)在(zai)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)欠(qian)(qian)壓(ya)保護以后(hou),電池(chi)經過一(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)間以后(hou),電壓(ya)還會(hui)上升,又恢復到非(fei)欠(qian)(qian)壓(ya)狀態,這時(shi)(shi)候如(ru)果再使用電池(chi),對(dui)(dui)電池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)傷害非(fei)常(chang)大。在(zai)完(wan)成(cheng)完(wan)全(quan)放電以后(hou),對(dui)(dui)電池(chi)進行完(wan)全(quan)充電。會(hui)感覺電池(chi)容(rong)量有所提升。
6、養成一些節電的好習慣。
盡可(ke)能(neng)利用(yong)滑行。如(ru)下坡的(de)時(shi)候,盡可(ke)能(neng)的(de)利用(yong)提(ti)前(qian)斷電滑行減(jian)速。在即將遇到紅綠(lv)燈的(de)時(shi)候提(ti)前(qian)進入滑行,最(zui)大限(xian)度的(de)減(jian)少剎車。
啟(qi)動的(de)時候,慢(man)慢(man)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動轉(zhuan)(zhuan)把,這樣(yang)相對(dui)比較安全(quan),避(bi)免(mian)大電流對(dui)電池的(de)沖擊(ji),而且可以(yi)減少(shao)電池的(de)電量損失和壽命損傷。
7、注意充電的環境。
目前電動車用充電器都是按照(zhao)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫度25℃設(she)計(ji)的(de),所(suo)以在25℃條件下(xia)充(chong)電(dian)比較好。而環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫度真正在25℃的(de)時(shi)候(hou)相對(dui)比較少(shao),這樣就(jiu)必然有夏季過充(chong)電(dian)冬季欠充(chong)電(dian)的(de)問題。因此(ci)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)時(shi)候(hou),最好把(ba)電(dian)池和充(chong)電(dian)器安(an)排在有通風并且室(shi)溫的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)里使用。(室(shi)內(nei)通風比較好的(de)地(di)方)
特別提(ti)示:如電池處(chu)在(zai)北方冬季在(zai)室(shi)外低溫(wen)狀態進入溫(wen)暖室(shi)內的(de)(de)時候(hou),電池的(de)(de)表面會出現結霜(shuang)凝(ning)(ning)露(lu)。為了避免(mian)結霜(shuang)凝(ning)(ning)露(lu)引起(qi)的(de)(de)電池漏電,應該(gai)在(zai)電池溫(wen)度(du)上升(sheng)到與室(shi)內溫(wen)度(du)接近并且干燥(zao)以后再進行充(chong)電。
8、充分利用維修條件
尚好(hao)捷電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車的(de)(de)(de)經銷(xiao)商均(jun)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)提供電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)檢(jian)(jian)測和(he)維修(xiu)(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu),應該充(chong)分利用(yong)這些服(fu)務(wu)。如:對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)定期檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)減少對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)損傷。對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態的(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)復就可(ke)(ke)以(yi)緩(huan)解(jie)"電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)落后"的(de)(de)(de)失效,而這些對(dui)(dui)尚好(hao)捷經銷(xiao)商來說是(shi)輕而易舉的(de)(de)(de)。對(dui)(dui)于失水來說,在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量70%的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)補水就比電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量40%的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)補水的(de)(de)(de)效果要好(hao)。所以(yi),消費(fei)者要充(chong)分的(de)(de)(de)利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)條件延(yan)長(chang)增加電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。
通(tong)過(guo)這些方(fang)法(fa),用(yong)戶可以大(da)(da)大(da)(da)延長(chang)電(dian)池的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命。一些用(yong)戶的(de)續(xu)行里程比較短,電(dian)池的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命相對比較長(chang),一些問題也相對難以發(fa)現(xian)(xian)。所以,第(di)前面說到的(de)"深放電(dian)"措施(shi)也是及時(shi)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)電(dian)池問題的(de)一個有(you)效(xiao)方(fang)法(fa)(判斷電(dian)池的(de)續(xu)行里程),不要(yao)等(deng)電(dian)池問題嚴重的(de)時(shi)候才去(qu)維修,那(nei)樣就(jiu)難以處理了(le)。