在這里，首先要說明的是，充電是使用充電電池的(de)重要(yao)步驟。適當合理的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)延(yan)長電(dian)(dian)池壽命很有好處，而(er)野蠻胡亂充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)將會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池壽命有很大影響(xiang)。上(shang)一(yi)篇曾說(shuo)過，目前的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)池基本都是根據各(ge)個產(chan)品單獨封裝(zhuang)，互不(bu)通用的(de)，因此各(ge)個產(chan)品也(ye)提(ti)供(gong)各(ge)自(zi)(zi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備，互不(bu)通用，在使用時只要(yao)遵循各(ge)自(zi)(zi)的(de)說(shuo)明書(shu)使用即可。所(suo)以本篇對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)介紹(shao)主要(yao)是指鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池。對(dui)鎳隔電(dian)(dian)池和(he)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)有兩種方式(shi)，就是我(wo)們大家所(suo)熟知的(de)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”和(he)“慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)一(yi)個重要(yao)概念，只有了(le)解了(le)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和(he)慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)才能正確掌握充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快充和慢充是個相對的概念。有人曾問，我的充電器充電電流有(you)200mA，是(shi)不是(shi)快充？這個答案并(bing)不絕(jue)對(dui)，應該回答對(dui)于某些(xie)電池(chi)來說，它是(shi)快充，而(er)對(dui)于某些(xie)電池(chi)來說，它只是(shi)慢(man)充。那我們究竟怎(zen)樣來判別快充還是(shi)慢(man)充呢？

　　例如一(yi)節(jie)5號鎳氫電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)容(rong)量為(wei)1200mAH，而另一(yi)節(jie)則為(wei)1600mAH。我們把一(yi)節(jie)電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)容(rong)量稱為(wei)1C，可見1C只是一(yi)個邏輯概念，同樣的(de)1C，并(bing)不相等。

　　在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流小于0.1C時，我們稱為涓(juan)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。顧名思義(yi)，是(shi)指電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很小。一般而(er)言，涓(juan)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能夠(gou)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)的很足，而(er)不傷害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命，但(dan)用(yong)涓(juan)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所花的時間實在太長，因此很少單獨使(shi)(shi)用(yong)，而(er)是(shi)和(he)其它(ta)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式結(jie)合使(shi)(shi)用(yong)。

　　充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在(zai)0.1C-0.2C之間時(shi)，我們稱為(wei)慢速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大于0.2C，小于0.8C則(ze)是快速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。而(er)當充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大于0.8C時(shi)，我們稱之為(wei)超高速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　正因(yin)為(wei)1C是個邏輯(ji)概念而非絕對(dui)值(zhi)，因(yin)此(ci)根據(ju)1C折算的(de)快(kuai)充慢充也是一(yi)個相對(dui)值(zhi)。前面例(li)子中提(ti)到的(de)200mA充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)對(dui)于1200mAH的(de)電(dian)池來說是慢充，而對(dui)于700mAH的(de)電(dian)池來說就是快(kuai)充。

　　知道了快慢充(chong)的(de)(de)概念后(hou)，我們還需要了解(jie)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)情況才(cai)能對電(dian)池正確充(chong)電(dian)。目前市場(chang)上的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)主要分(fen)為恒流充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)和自動充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)兩種。

二、恒流充電器

　　恒流充電器是市(shi)場(chang)上(shang)最(zui)常見的充電器(qi)，從(cong)鎳鎘(ge)電池(chi)(chi)時代(dai)，我們就(jiu)開(kai)始使用(yong)恒流充電器(qi)。恒流充電器(qi)通(tong)常使用(yong)慢速充電電流，它的使用(yong)相對(dui)比較簡單，只需將(jiang)電池(chi)(chi)放在電池(chi)(chi)倉中即可(ke)充電。需要(yao)注意的是，對(dui)充電時間的計算(suan)要(yao)準(zhun)確。

　　對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算有個(ge)簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)公式(shi)：Hour=1.5C/充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。例如(ru)：對(dui)1200mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)150mA，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)1800mAH/150mA等于(yu)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。當然在(zai)很多(duo)時(shi)(shi)候并不(bu)能計(ji)算出正好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間，我們(men)可以(yi)挑離得(de)最近(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)半(ban)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)以(yi)方(fang)便記時(shi)(shi)。例如(ru)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)為(wei)160mA，對(dui)1400mAH的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則(ze)時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)2100mAH/160mA約為(wei)13小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，而不(bu)用計(ji)算到分(fen)。恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)構造(zao)簡(jian)單(dan)，工(gong)作穩定(ding)，是一(yi)種不(bu)錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)小(xiao)。但它也(ye)有其局限性(xing)，首先必須計(ji)算時(shi)(shi)間，另外(wai)隨著鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)容量越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)大，恒流(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間也(ye)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)長，對(dui)使(shi)用帶來(lai)(lai)了(le)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)便。因此，近(jin)(jin)年來(lai)(lai)快速自動充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器也(ye)逐漸流(liu)行起來(lai)(lai)

三、快速自動充電器

　　快(kuai)速(su)(su)自(zi)動(dong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)在(zai)這兩年(nian)越來越受到大家歡(huan)迎，它具(ju)有(you)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)度快(kuai)，安全等特點(dian)。但也(ye)有(you)一部(bu)分人(ren)對它有(you)疑(yi)慮，因為快(kuai)速(su)(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)基本都(dou)使用快(kuai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)流來充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，這些人(ren)怕它會對電(dian)(dian)池的壽命產生(sheng)影響。那么實際的情況如何呢(ni)？

首先要肯定的是大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命的影響是很(hen)小的，在很(hen)多(duo)情況下我們都要用到快速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)甚至超(chao)高(gao)速充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流有時(shi)可以達到2C或(huo)更高(gao)。大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流并不是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池殺(sha)手(shou)，真正對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池壽命產生影響的是大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)產生的高(gao)熱。

　　我們對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時要使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)比電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)標(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓稍高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來進(jin)行(xing)，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)本身對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)一(yi)(yi)個反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)有一(yi)(yi)部分電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為了抵消反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢而白(bai)白(bai)作功(gong)，轉化(hua)為熱(re)能(neng)(neng)。當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)越大，就有更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)被轉化(hua)為熱(re)能(neng)(neng)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)就越高(gao)(gao)。過(guo)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)有害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)慢速(su)(su)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，由(you)(you)于是(shi)(shi)慢速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)量在(zai)可(ke)(ke)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)范(fan)圍(wei)內，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)并(bing)不(bu)需要采(cai)(cai)取特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)措施。但在(zai)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)自(zi)(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)就會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)更(geng)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)目前(qian)市場上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)自(zi)(zi)動充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了各(ge)種方法(fa)來降(jiang)低充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)，通(tong)常所使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)余弦法(fa)，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)說(shuo)并(bing)非(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，而是(shi)(shi)像余弦波那樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)強(qiang)度(du)(du)隨(sui)之(zhi)變化(hua)，這(zhe)樣能(neng)(neng)緩解熱(re)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積聚(ju)，從而將溫度(du)(du)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)范(fan)圍(wei)內。由(you)(you)于這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)不(bu)再(zai)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，也(ye)和過(guo)去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有明顯(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)(yi)個問題(ti)是(shi)(shi)，當充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間到(dao)了之(zhi)后如果(guo)忘(wang)記停(ting)止充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷(shang)害(hai)要遠大于慢速(su)(su)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷(shang)害(hai)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)為了解決過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)問題(ti)，快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)一(yi)(yi)般都采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了比如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓斜(xie)率判(pan)斷法(fa)等方法(fa)來判(pan)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)否接近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿，這(zhe)些充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)都使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路或者(zhe)IC芯片來完(wan)成這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)任務(wu)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接近(jin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿時，控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路會(hui)自(zi)(zi)動轉入(ru)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好處是(shi)(shi)很(hen)明顯(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其一(yi)(yi)如前(qian)所述，涓(juan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)很(hen)滿，其次就是(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)擔心過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大好處就是(shi)(shi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再(zai)去(qu)計算時間。具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方法(fa)可(ke)(ke)以查(cha)看各(ge)自(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明書(shu)，以防操作不(bu)當。快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)有一(yi)(yi)個分支就是(shi)(shi)超高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，這(zhe)類(lei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范(fan)圍(wei)不(bu)大，設計、結構和工(gong)藝都很(hen)復(fu)雜，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)價(jia)格(ge)相當昂貴。

　　在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些特殊的(de)(de)場合，人們(men)需(xu)要(yao)在(zai)(zai)很(hen)短的(de)(de)時間內充(chong)(chong)好(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池使用(yong)，這就需(xu)要(yao)使用(yong)超高(gao)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)。由于(yu)超高(gao)速(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)需(xu)要(yao)極大(da)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，有些甚(shen)至使用(yong)了2C-3C的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，其(qi)發熱問(wen)題尤為嚴重(zhong)，僅僅采用(yong)余(yu)弦波(bo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還(huan)不(bu)夠，因(yin)此(ci)這類充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)很(hen)多都采用(yong)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)個余(yu)弦波(bo)后插入一(yi)個很(hen)短暫的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)這種(zhong)方法(fa)。這種(zhong)做法(fa)可以緩(huan)解(jie)由于(yu)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢消耗充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流所(suo)產(chan)生的(de)(de)熱量積累，從而進(jin)一(yi)步控制(zhi)溫度(du)。

四、放電

　　上一(yi)篇曾(ceng)介(jie)紹了充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)，我們也(ye)知道當記(ji)憶(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)逐漸累積，會使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)實際使(shi)用容量大幅下降。要(yao)減輕記(ji)憶(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)所帶來(lai)的(de)(de)負作(zuo)用，一(yi)個有效(xiao)的(de)(de)方法就是(shi)放電(dian)(dian)。一(yi)般來(lai)講由(you)于鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)比較明顯，建議在反復充電(dian)(dian)使(shi)用5-10次(ci)后(hou)就作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放電(dian)(dian)，而鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)記(ji)憶(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)要(yao)好些(xie)，可以在反復充電(dian)(dian)使(shi)用20-30次(ci)后(hou)作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)放電(dian)(dian)。

　　在市(shi)場上銷(xiao)售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)高檔充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器自身帶有放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能，但絕大部分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中低檔充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是(shi)沒有放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這時(shi)我(wo)們(men)該(gai)怎么辦呢？在了解了放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原理后，我(wo)們(men)也(ye)可以自己嘗試著(zhu)(zhu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。我(wo)們(men)已(yi)經(jing)(jing)知道，鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)1.2V，但實際上，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)個變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值，隨著(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量是(shi)否(fou)充足，圍繞著(zhu)(zhu)1. 2V左(zuo)右進行(xing)波動(dong)(dong)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般在1V-1.4V之間(jian)波動(dong)(dong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)同品牌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)由于(yu)(yu)工藝上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)盡相同，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波動(dong)(dong)范圍也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)完全一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)采用很(hen)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)緩慢下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)到(dao)(dao)0.9V-1V之間(jian)，就(jiu)(jiu)應該(gai)停止放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)建議將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)(dao)0.9V之下(xia)，這樣做會造成過(guo)度放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)受到(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可逆(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傷害，上一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)篇(pian)曾說過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)適合于(yu)(yu)用在家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙(yao)控器中，就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)因為遙(yao)控器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)小，長時(shi)間(jian)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)在遙(yao)控器中使(shi)用很(hen)容易(yi)造成過(guo)度放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)經(jing)(jing)過(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會驚喜(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容量又恢復到(dao)(dao)原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平，因此當(dang)發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容量有所下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)時(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)最好作(zuo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自(zi)己(ji)對電池(chi)做(zuo)放(fang)電有個簡便的(de)方法(fa)，就是接(jie)一個小(xiao)電珠作為負(fu)載，但必須使用電表來監視電壓值(zhi)的(de)變(bian)化，以防(fang)過(guo)度放(fang)電。

對于充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)選擇，究(jiu)竟是(shi)選擇快速(su)(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)還(huan)是(shi)慢(man)速(su)(su)恒流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，這主要看自己(ji)使(shi)用的(de)(de)側(ce)重點。例(li)如經常外出使(shi)用數碼相機等(deng)設備的(de)(de)朋友，就應該選擇快速(su)(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，以(yi)滿(man)足時(shi)間上的(de)(de)要求，甚至可以(yi)購買(mai)超高(gao)速(su)(su)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)，而只使(shi)用隨身聽等(deng)設備的(de)(de)朋友，恒流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)就能滿(man)足需要在掌握了正確的(de)(de)充(chong)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)知識(shi)后，大家(jia)一定能更好(hao)地(di)使(shi)用自己(ji)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池。請大家(jia)不要拘泥于快速(su)(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

充電時間計算

**********電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)看電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外面的標注**************

*********充(chong)電電流(liu)看充(chong)電器上標(biao)注(zhu)的輸入電流(liu)*******

1、充電(dian)電(dian)流小于等于電(dian)池容量的5％時 （慢速）

充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)（小時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.6÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA)

2、充電(dian)電(dian)流大于電(dian)池容量的(de)5％，小于等于10％時(shi)：（快速）

充電時(shi)(shi)間（小時(shi)(shi)）＝電池容(rong)量（mAH）×1.5÷充電電流(mA)

3、充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)大于(yu)電(dian)池容(rong)量的10％，小于(yu)等于(yu)15％時：

充電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)（小(xiao)時(shi)）＝電(dian)池容量（mAH）×1.3÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(mA

4、充電電流大(da)于電池容(rong)量的15％，小于等于20％時

充電(dian)(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量（mAH）×1.2÷充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(mA)

5、充電(dian)電(dian)流大(da)于(yu)電(dian)池容量的20％時：（超(chao)快速）

充電(dian)時間（小時）＝電(dian)池容量(liang)（mAH）×1.1÷充電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(mA)