電源適配器和(he)充(chong)電(dian)器在我們的(de)生活中都十分常見，都是(shi)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)輔助設備。但是(shi)電(dian)源適配(pei)器和(he)充(chong)電(dian)器是(shi)什么(me)?有什么(me)區別和(he)關系?這些(xie)你都了解嗎(ma)?今天我們一起來看一下。

　　一、充電器

　　充(chong)電(dian)器:英文名稱Charger，通常指的(de)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種將交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)轉換為低壓直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)的(de)設(she)備，充(chong)電(dian)器是(shi)(shi)給可(ke)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池用(yong)的(de)專用(yong)直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)源，它內部包括(kuo)了限流(liu)(liu)，限壓等(deng)滿足(zu)充(chong)電(dian)特性的(de)控制電(dian)路。

　　充(chong)電(dian)器在(zai)各個領域用(yong)途廣(guang)泛(fan)，特別是(shi)在(zai)生活(huo)領域被(bei)廣(guang)泛(fan)用(yong)于電(dian)動車(che)，手電(dian)筒等常(chang)見電(dian)器。它一般是(shi)給電(dian)池直接充(chong)電(dian)，不通過任(ren)何中介設備(bei)和裝(zhuang)置(zhi).

　　充電器的流程

　　充(chong)電器的流(liu)(liu)程是：恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)-恒(heng)壓-涓流(liu)(liu)，三階式(shi)(shi)智(zhi)能(neng)充(chong)電。充(chong)電過程中(zhong)的三段(duan)式(shi)(shi)充(chong)電理論(lun)則可以大大提高電池(chi)的充(chong)電效率，縮短充(chong)電時間，并(bing)能(neng)有效延長電池(chi)壽命。三段(duan)式(shi)(shi)充(chong)電采(cai)用先恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)電，再恒(heng)壓充(chong)電，最后采(cai)用浮充(chong)進行維(wei)護充(chong)電。

　　一般(ban)分為快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)、補足充(chong)電(dian)(dian)、涓流充(chong)電(dian)(dian)三(san)個階段(duan):

　　1、快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)階段：用大電(dian)(dian)流對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)以迅(xun)速(su)(su)恢復電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速(su)(su)率可以達1C以上，此時(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)較低，但會限制充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流在一定數值范(fan)圍(wei)之(zhi)內。

　　2、補(bu)足(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段(duan)：相對于快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段(duan)，補(bu)足(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段(duan)又可(ke)以(yi)稱為慢(man)速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段(duan)。當快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段(duan)終(zhong)止時，電(dian)池并未完全充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足(zu)，還需(xu)加入補(bu)足(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，補(bu)足(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)速(su)率一(yi)般不超過(guo)(guo)0.3C，因為電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)經過(guo)(guo)快速(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段(duan)后有(you)所升高，所以(yi)補(bu)足(zu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)階(jie)段(duan)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)也應該有(you)所提(ti)升，并且恒定在(zai)一(yi)定范圍之內。

　　3、涓流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)階段：在補足(zu)充(chong)電(dian)階段后(hou)期，當檢測到溫度上升(sheng)超過極(ji)限值或(huo)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)減小到一(yi)定(ding)(ding)值之后(hou)，開始用更小的電(dian)流(liu)進行充(chong)電(dian)直至(zhi)滿足(zu)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的條件后(hou)結(jie)束充(chong)電(dian)。

　　二、電源適配器

　　電(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi):英文名稱Adapter，市場上常見的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)適配器(qi)是經(jing)過(guo)變(bian)壓(ya)，整流和穩(wen)壓(ya)的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)變(bian)換器(qi)，輸出(chu)的(de)是直流，在滿足功率的(de)情況下可以理解為低壓(ya)穩(wen)壓(ya)電(dian)源(yuan)。

　　電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器(qi)(qi)廣泛配套于(yu)路(lu)由器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)話子(zi)母機、游(you)戲機、語言復讀機、隨(sui)身聽、筆(bi)記本、手(shou)機等設(she)備中。大(da)部分(fen)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)適配器(qi)(qi)可以自動檢測(ce)100～240V交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(50/60Hz)。

　　電(dian)源適(shi)配器(qi)是小型便攜(xie)式電(dian)子(zi)設備(bei)及電(dian)子(zi)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)供電(dian)電(dian)源變換設備(bei)，它把(ba)電(dian)源外置，用一條(tiao)線和主(zhu)機連接(jie)，這樣可以縮(suo)小主(zhu)機的(de)體積和重量，只(zhi)有極少(shao)數的(de)設備(bei)和電(dian)器(qi)把(ba)電(dian)源內置在主(zhu)機內。

　　它(ta)內部由電(dian)源變壓器(qi)和整(zheng)流(liu)電(dian)路(lu)組成，按(an)其輸(shu)出(chu)類型可分為交流(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)型和直流(liu)輸(shu)出(chu)型;按(an)連接方式(shi)可分為插(cha)墻式(shi)和桌面式(shi)。在電(dian)源適配器(qi)上都(dou)有一個銘牌，上面標示著功(gong)率，輸(shu)入輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓和電(dian)流(liu)量(liang)等指標，特別要注意輸(shu)入電(dian)壓的范(fan)圍(wei)。

　　看了(le)(le)以上(shang)介紹，相信大家對于電(dian)(dian)源適(shi)(shi)配器(qi)和(he)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)有了(le)(le)簡單了(le)(le)解，其區別和(he)關系自然也有所(suo)了(le)(le)解。總之電(dian)(dian)源適(shi)(shi)配器(qi)和(he)充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)都是我們(men)生活(huo)中必要的(de)設備一定要慎(shen)重選(xuan)擇(ze)!