本文設計了一種多功(gong)能、高效、低功(gong)耗、安全(quan)的(de)隨身移動(dong)電源，以滿足戶(hu)外需(xu)求(qiu)，將有很大的(de)實用價值(zhi)。

　　本文論述的電路系統設計由五部分組成：鋰芯容量指示電路、電芯保護電路、電充電管理路、DC-DC升壓電路和功能擴展電路。
多功能隨身電源的系統設計

　　鋰芯容量指示電路由XC61CC系列的電壓監控芯片組成。電芯保護電路由過充保護、過放保護、過溫保護三部分組成，HAT2027、R5402、自恢復保險絲構建了三重保護，使鋰芯安全性大大增強。充電管理電路采用了CN3066，將充電過程分為涓流充電、恒流充電、恒壓充電和維護充電四個部分，使移動隨身電源能夠最大程度地儲備能量。DC-DC升壓電路采用了MAX1771集成芯片，可將鋰芯容量在安全范圍內最大限度釋放，達到對多種數碼設備供電的目的。功能擴展涵蓋了戶外活動所涉及的常見需求，具有應急夜間高亮照、戶外防盜安全警報、野營驅蚊等功能。多功能隨身電源的電路實現
 

DC-DC升壓電路

　　本系統(tong)中，DC-DC升壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)路主要由MAX1771構(gou)成(cheng)，該控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)采(cai)用獨特的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)方案，結合PFM（脈沖頻率(lv)調制(zhi)）及PWM（脈沖寬(kuan)度(du)調制(zhi)）的(de)(de)(de)優(you)越性，提供一(yi)(yi)個高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)、較(jiao)寬(kuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓調節范(fan)圍的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。前者具有較(jiao)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)態電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，負(fu)載小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)，但紋(wen)波較(jiao)大。后者在負(fu)載大的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)具有較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)，噪(zao)聲小(xiao)(xiao)。該控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)采(cai)用的(de)(de)(de)是一(yi)(yi)種改進型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)限流PFM控(kong)制(zhi)方式，控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路限制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使(shi)其不超過某一(yi)(yi)峰值(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流。既保持了傳統(tong)PFM的(de)(de)(de)低(di)靜(jing)態電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，同時(shi)在較(jiao)大負(fu)載的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，也(ye)具有很高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。而且(qie)由于限制(zhi)了峰值(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，采(cai)用很小(xiao)(xiao)體(ti)積的(de)(de)(de)外圍元件就可(ke)獲得滿意的(de)(de)(de)輸出紋(wen)波，這樣便于降低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路成(cheng)本及尺(chi)寸。

　　如圖2所示，將4腳接地(di)，可使(shi)其工作在閉環狀態(tai)。芯片由引腳2上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，同時也(ye)是輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓可以進(jin)行(xing)從(cong)2V到輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)變(bian)化。外接MOS管柵(zha)極1腳上(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，從(cong)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)到零電(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)跳變(bian)，這樣可以提供更人的(de)(de)柵(zha)極驅(qu)動，從(cong)而減小外接MOS管的(de)(de)開啟電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。

　　MAX1771外(wai)接MOS管平時是關(guan)閉(bi)(bi)的(de)，此(ci)時電(dian)(dian)感儲能(neng)。關(guan)閉(bi)(bi)期間，MAX1771會檢測外(wai)部輸入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，一旦降低到了一定(ding)限(xian)度，MAX1771就(jiu)會開(kai)啟外(wai)部MOS管，電(dian)(dian)感釋放能(neng)量，重新提供驅動電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。開(kai)關(guan)頻(pin)率隨負載電(dian)(dian)流和(he)輸入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而定(ding)。5V電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)通過兩個反饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)分壓(ya)得到。

　　此外，續流二極(ji)管(guan)選用肖特基(ji)二極(ji)管(guan)SS34，該器件正向(xiang)導(dao)通電壓小，響(xiang)應時間短。

鋰芯容量指示電路

　　本系統電(dian)路設(she)計采用(yong)了一種比較(jiao)簡單且實用(yong)的方法，即通過測試鋰芯電(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)的時間電(dian)壓(ya)特性曲線，選(xuan)取(qu)整個(ge)放電(dian)過程的四個(ge)位點電(dian)壓(ya)，用(yong)電(dian)壓(ya)來(lai)估(gu)算(suan)電(dian)池(chi)的容(rong)量(liang)。

　　如圖(tu)3所示，當按下電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)容(rong)量指(zhi)示的(de)功能按鍵，鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)會(hui)加到XC61系列芯(xin)(xin)片(pian)的(de)VIN與(yu)VSS引腳上(shang)。當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)丁4.1V，四個(ge)芯(xin)(xin)片(pian)同時(shi)工作(zuo)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)與(yu)限流電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)、LED發(fa)(fa)光管形成四個(ge)回路。此時(shi)四個(ge)發(fa)(fa)光管同時(shi)發(fa)(fa)亮，表(biao)示電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量飽和。當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)4.1V～3.8V之間，只有三(san)個(ge)芯(xin)(xin)片(pian)工作(zuo)，4102不工作(zuo)，此時(shi)形成三(san)個(ge)回路，三(san)個(ge)發(fa)(fa)光管發(fa)(fa)亮，表(biao)示電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量有所下降。同理(li)可(ke)知其(qi)它(ta)的(de)兩種情(qing)況。

鋰芯保護電路

　　如(ru)圖1所示，電芯保(bao)護電路主要由(you)R5402和HAT2027共(gong)同組成。除此之外(wai)，自恢復保(bao)險絲起到了最后一層保(bao)護的作(zuo)用(yong)。

　　R5402是一種高精度、基于CMOS的鋰(li)芯電池電壓(ya)保護芯片。HAT2027是具有電流(liu)流(liu)通方向(xiang)可調的雙MOS產品(pin)。

　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓從低到高上升，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大于4.25V時(shi)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)(tai)被鎖(suo)存(cun)，引腳(jiao)COUT就會從高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平跳為(wei)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，HAT2027內置二極管發揮單向導通作用。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流方向只(zhi)能(neng)從1腳(jiao)到3腳(jiao)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源無法(fa)繼續(xu)給(gei)鋰芯(xin)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源繼續(xu)加載(zai)在(zai)(zai)鋰芯(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組兩(liang)端，即(ji)使(shi)鋰芯(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)(zai)4.25V以下(xia)，R5402具有的過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)鎖(suo)存(cun)狀態(tai)(tai)也(ye)不會被釋放。這樣就保證(zheng)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組在(zai)(zai)連續(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)飽和(he)之后，能(neng)鎖(suo)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)狀態(tai)(tai)，隔離充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源對高能(neng)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組持(chi)續(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。只(zhi)有當過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)時(shi)，斷(duan)開充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，過(guo)(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)鎖(suo)存(cun)狀態(tai)(tai)才會被釋放，COUT重新變為(wei)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平，HAT2027的1、3引腳(jiao)此時(shi)雙向導通，鋰芯(xin)才能(neng)正常工作。

　　放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下(xia)降，當(dang)小于(yu)2.3V時(shi)，放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)被(bei)鎖(suo)(suo)存(cun)(cun)，引腳(jiao)(jiao)DOUT的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)從高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)跳為低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，HAT2027內置(zhi)二極管(guan)發(fa)揮單向導通作用(yong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流方向只能(neng)從3腳(jiao)(jiao)到1腳(jiao)(jiao)，鋰芯(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)無法繼續給負(fu)載放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果沒有(you)接(jie)上充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，即使鋰芯(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓高(gao)于(yu)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)最大值，放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鎖(suo)(suo)存(cun)(cun)狀態(tai)也不會(hui)(hui)被(bei)釋放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，這就(jiu)保證了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)在(zai)經過長時(shi)間放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓下(xia)降到2.3V之后，能(neng)鎖(suo)(suo)存(cun)(cun)在(zai)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)狀態(tai)，隔離低能(neng)量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)(zu)持續放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。只有(you)當(dang)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)時(shi)，接(jie)上充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，鋰芯(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓開始(shi)高(gao)于(yu)過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)，過放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)鎖(suo)(suo)存(cun)(cun)狀態(tai)才會(hui)(hui)被(bei)釋放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)，同時(shi)引腳(jiao)(jiao)DOUT的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓重新變為高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平(ping)，HAT2027的(de)1、3引腳(jiao)(jiao)雙向導通，鋰芯(xin)(xin)既能(neng)工(gong)作在(zai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)，又(you)能(neng)工(gong)作在(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)。

　　當鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)短路時(shi)，D。，跳到低(di)電(dian)平。此時(shi)，鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)受HAT2027控(kong)制(zhi)無法放(fang)(fang)電(dian)，起到鋰(li)芯(xin)(xin)保(bao)護作用。與此同時(shi)，自恢復保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)由于短路的(de)大電(dian)流，會受熱膨脹，電(dian)路切斷，起到最(zui)后(hou)一層保(bao)護的(de)作用。當短路故障(zhang)排除，白恢復保(bao)險(xian)絲(si)恢復，R5402檢電(dian)器釋(shi)放(fang)(fang)，D。，，重新恢復高電(dian)平。

　　該電路還增設了“休眠”的功能。當電路工作在過放狀態，補充電流將會保持非常低的值，從而停止內部電路的工作，使低能量的鋰芯不會被R5402和系統后級回路繼續消耗能量。該電路還具有瞬時監控功能。在鋰芯負極取一個電壓接到R5402的V引腳，內置檢電器的延時可以減少大概1／57秒。因此，可以監測電池容量瞬時狀態。
 

充電管理電路

　　充電管理電路由CN3066和繼電器構成，如圖4所示。當隨身電源監測到有充電器對其充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)器令CN3066開始工(gong)作，CN3066將整個充(chong)電(dian)(dian)管理過程分(fen)為四個部(bu)分(fen)，即預充(chong)電(dian)(dian)、恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)、恒壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)以及(ji)維護充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　當(dang)CN3066開始工作時，CN3066會(hui)檢測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)(shi)否較(jiao)(jiao)低，如果是(shi)(shi)，則采(cai)用涓(juan)(juan)(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，即(ji)一(yi)個(ge)比較(jiao)(jiao)小的(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，直至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)上(shang)升到(dao)一(yi)個(ge)安全值。之(zhi)(zhi)后，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)保持(chi)較(jiao)(jiao)大值不變，通常是(shi)(shi)涓(juan)(juan)(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)10倍或更(geng)大。1000mAh的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)采(cai)用700mA電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)可以(yi)避免大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對(dui)鋰(li)芯的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)壞(huai)。在(zai)(zai)恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和涓(juan)(juan)(juan)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管理芯片(pian)連(lian)續監控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，當(dang)單節鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)達到(dao)4.2V，恒(heng)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)結(jie)束，轉(zhuan)入恒(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。在(zai)(zai)該狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)恒(heng)定(ding)在(zai)(zai)4.2V。當(dang)鋰(li)芯的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)下(xia)降為(wei)原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)1／10之(zhi)(zhi)后，恒(heng)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)結(jie)束。在(zai)(zai)維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，若移動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源仍插在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會(hui)由于自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而(er)損(sun)失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。CN3066以(yi)非常小的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)對(dui)鋰(li)芯充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或監測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位，以(yi)備對(dui)鋰(li)芯再充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)種狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)稱(cheng)為(wei)維(wei)護(hu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。

　　在(zai)本電(dian)(dian)路中，CN3066會實(shi)時(shi)監測(ce)(ce)鋰(li)(li)芯的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、溫(wen)度、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間。一旦(dan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的溫(wen)度達(da)到60℃，或鋰(li)(li)離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)達(da)到4.2V，恒壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)自動終止。此(ci)外(wai)，還應設置最長恒壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間。在(zai)溫(wen)度和電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)檢測(ce)(ce)失(shi)敗(bai)的情(qing)況下，可以保證鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)安全充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　當拔掉充電器，CN3066關(guan)閉，隨身電(dian)源(yuan)處于預放電(dian)狀態。多功(gong)能擴展(zhan)電(dian)路

高亮照明功能

　　戶(hu)外活(huo)動時，特別是夜間(jian)活(huo)動，需要一個(ge)高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)的光(guang)源。如圖5所示，夜行高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)照明(ming)系統，在USB輸出口可得到5V電壓，加上高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)發光(guang)二極(ji)管和一個(ge)小的限流(liu)電阻共同組(zu)成(cheng)。高(gao)(gao)亮(liang)管足夠5米內的照明(ming)光(guang)程(cheng)。

戶外報警功能

　　戶外出行，個人財物的防(fang)盜(dao)至(zhi)關重要(yao)。安全可(ke)靠(kao)的報警系(xi)統(tong)有助(zhu)于(yu)保障(zhang)個人財物的安全，特(te)別(bie)是戶外野營，靈敏(min)的防(fang)盜(dao)措施在夜間將發(fa)揮其(qi)巨大功效。

　　如圖5所示，當按下預報警功能鍵時，USB輸出電壓加載在報警系統上，此時移動隨身電源處于“預報警”狀態。當水銀開關B1位置偏移正常的斷開位置，將觸發繼電器工作，使KD9561音樂片工作，發出報警響聲，提醒注意安全。
 

 野外驅蚊功能

　　如圖6所示，由左邊555合成的振蕩(dang)頻率約為(wei)22KHz，再(zai)由右邊555單穩態(tai)電路產生(sheng)一(yi)個50Hz，占空比為(wei)50％的方波輸入左邊555的5腳，合成一(yi)種噪聲，用于(yu)驅(qu)趕蚊于(yu)。

　　電路測試

DC-DC電路測試

　　由(you)圖(tu)7可見，移動電(dian)源(yuan)連續放(fang)電(dian)的總(zong)能量在(zai)2200mAh以上，輸出穩(wen)定。

擴展功能模塊的測試

　　夜行高亮燈管的有效光程為6米。報警系統能夠正常工作。驅蚊系統發出21KHz的噪聲，對蚊子具有明顯的驅趕作用。
總體測試

　　實驗結果(guo)證明，多功能隨(sui)身電源能對市面上大(da)多數手(shou)機連續(xu)充(chong)(chong)電5次以上，對MP3、MP4充(chong)(chong)電12次以上，表(biao)明隨(sui)身電源在(zai)戶外活動(dong)中有充(chong)(chong)足的能量(liang)儲備(bei)。

　　本系統方案設(she)計將多功能、低功耗、安全(quan)性、高(gao)容量(liang)、重量(liang)輕等諸多特點整合在一起，使整個(ge)產品的設(she)計符合實際使用要(yao)求，具有廣闊(kuo)的市場前(qian)景。

　　該方(fang)案科學(xue)縝密地排除了鋰芯在使用過(guo)程中出現的各(ge)種安全隱(yin)患(huan)，與此(ci)同時，還巧妙地設計(ji)了幾(ji)個人性(xing)化的功(gong)能模(mo)塊(kuai)，滿足了戶外活動的常見需求。