手搖(yao)充(chong)電器：利用人(ren)力

　　干電池(chi)應急(ji)充：利用(yong)1節(jie)到幾節(jie)干電池(chi)，提(ti)供應急(ji)充電，一般(ban)大(da)概能提(ti)供十幾分鐘的電能。

按使用產品的種類分類
　　手機充電器

　　萬能充電器

　　筆記本充電器

　　電動車(che)充電器(qi)

　　大型充(chong)電(dian)機等

　　相機充電器

　　電動玩具充電器

按使用方式分類
　　高級商務(wu)(wu)充(chong)：商務(wu)(wu)旅行充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)，充(chong)電(dian)速(su)度快而且十分安(an)全，價格較一般(ban)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)稍高；

　　座式充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器：外(wai)型(xing)獨特、新穎美觀、攜帶(dai)方(fang)便，適充(chong)(chong)容量200-3000mAH的鋰離子(zi)（LI-ION）鎳氫（NI-Mh)手機(ji)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，內置智(zhi)能識別(bie)電(dian)(dian)路，能自(zi)動轉換充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器輸出極(ji)性以適用電(dian)(dian)池(chi)正負極(ji)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)效果極(ji)佳，是家居/旅行時手機(ji)的理想伴(ban)侶；

　　USB充電(dian)器(qi)：帶USB輸出接口，保給MP3/4、數碼相(xiang)機等(deng)充電(dian)；

　　線式充(chong)電(dian)器：一般手(shou)機的直充(chong)；

　　車載充電(dian)器(qi)：以車上通用電(dian)源為供電(dian)裝置的充電(dian)器(qi)。

按原材料分類
　　鎳氫鎳鎘充電器

　　鋰離子電池充電器

　　鉛酸電池充電器(qi)

按級別分類
　　軍品級充(chong)電器（工業充(chong)電器）

　　民用級充電器(qi)

編輯本段組成部分
　　1、金屬外殼(ke)

　　2、輸入線、輸出(chu)線

　　3、柔性線路板、電子元器件(jian)（電容、CPU、單片機(ji)、MOS管(guan)、三極管(guan)、開關管(guan)）

編輯本段使用方法
　　一(yi)、充(chong)電常識

　　充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)使用(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)重要步驟。適(shi)當合理的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)延長電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命很有(you)好處，而野蠻(man)胡亂(luan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)將會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命有(you)很大影響。鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)基本都是(shi)根(gen)據各個(ge)(ge)產品(pin)單獨封裝，互不通(tong)用(yong)(yong)的(de)，因(yin)此各個(ge)(ge)產品(pin)也提供各自(zi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)設備，互不通(tong)用(yong)(yong)，在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)時只要遵(zun)循各自(zi)的(de)說明(ming)書使用(yong)(yong)即可。所以本篇對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)介(jie)紹主(zhu)要是(shi)指鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。對(dui)鎳隔(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)和鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)有(you)兩(liang)種方式(shi)，就是(shi)我們(men)大家所熟(shu)知(zhi)的(de)“快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)”和“慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)”。快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)一個(ge)(ge)重要概念，只有(you)了解(jie)了快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)和慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)才能正確掌握充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

　　首先，快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)是(shi)(shi)個(ge)相對(dui)的(de)概(gai)念(nian)。有人(ren)曾(ceng)問，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電器充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電電流有200mA，是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)？這個(ge)答案并(bing)不絕對(dui)，應該回(hui)答對(dui)于(yu)某些電池來說(shuo)(shuo)，它是(shi)(shi)快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，而對(dui)于(yu)某些電池來說(shuo)(shuo)，它只是(shi)(shi)慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。那我們究(jiu)竟怎(zen)樣來判別快(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)還是(shi)(shi)慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)呢(ni)？

　　例如一節5號鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)容量為1200mAH，而(er)另一節則為1600mAH。把(ba)一節電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的電(dian)(dian)容量稱為1C，可見1C只是一個邏輯概(gai)念，同樣的1C，并不相等。在充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)小于(yu)0.1C時，稱為涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。顧名思義，是指電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很小。一般而(er)言(yan)，涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)能夠把(ba)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的很足，而(er)不傷害電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命，但用(yong)(yong)涓流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)花的時間實在太長，因此很少(shao)單(dan)獨(du)使用(yong)(yong)，而(er)是和其它充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式(shi)結(jie)合使用(yong)(yong)。

　　充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)在0.1C-0.2C之間時，稱為慢速(su)充(chong)電(dian)。充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)大于0.2C，小于0.8C則是快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)。而當(dang)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)大于0.8C時，稱之為超高速(su)充(chong)電(dian)。

　　正因為1C是個邏(luo)輯概念而非絕(jue)對(dui)(dui)值，因此根據1C折算的快充慢充也是一個相對(dui)(dui)值。前面例子中提到(dao)的200mA充電(dian)電(dian)流對(dui)(dui)于(yu)1200mAH的電(dian)池來說是慢充，而對(dui)(dui)于(yu)700mAH的電(dian)池來說就是快充。

　　放電說明

編輯本段注意事項
　　充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)的記憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)，當(dang)記憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)逐漸累積，會使電(dian)池(chi)的實際使用容量大幅下降。要減輕記憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)所帶(dai)來的負作(zuo)用，一(yi)個(ge)有效(xiao)的方法(fa)就是放(fang)電(dian)。一(yi)般來講由于鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)的記憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)比(bi)較明顯，建(jian)議(yi)在(zai)反(fan)復(fu)充(chong)電(dian)使用5-10次(ci)(ci)后就作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)放(fang)電(dian)，而鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的記憶(yi)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)不太(tai)明顯，可以在(zai)反(fan)復(fu)充(chong)電(dian)使用20-30次(ci)(ci)后作(zuo)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)放(fang)電(dian)。在(zai)市(shi)場上銷售的一(yi)些高檔充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)自身帶(dai)有放(fang)電(dian)功(gong)能，但絕大部分的中(zhong)低檔充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)是沒有放(fang)電(dian)功(gong)能的，這(zhe)時該怎么辦呢？在(zai)了解了放(fang)電(dian)的原理后，也可以自己嘗試著對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)進行(xing)放(fang)電(dian)。

　　鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池和鎳(nie)(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是1.2V，但實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓是個(ge)變(bian)化的(de)(de)值，隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)是否充足，圍繞著(zhu)1.2V左(zuo)右進行(xing)波動。一(yi)般(ban)在1V-1.4V之(zhi)間波動，不同(tong)品牌(pai)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池由于工藝上(shang)的(de)(de)不盡(jin)相同(tong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波動范(fan)圍也不完(wan)全一(yi)致。

　　對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)是采(cai)用(yong)很(hen)小的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓緩(huan)慢下降(jiang)，下降(jiang)到(dao)0.9V-1V之間，就(jiu)應該停止放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。不(bu)建(jian)議將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)0.9V之下，這(zhe)樣做會造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)(guo)度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)受(shou)到(dao)不(bu)可逆(ni)的(de)(de)傷害，上一(yi)篇曾說過(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)不(bu)適合(he)于用(yong)在家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)遙控器中(zhong)，就(jiu)是因為遙控器的(de)(de)使用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)小，長(chang)時間放在遙控器中(zhong)使用(yong)很(hen)容(rong)易造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)(guo)度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)經過(guo)(guo)一(yi)次正確的(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，你會驚喜的(de)(de)發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量又恢復到(dao)原(yuan)來的(de)(de)水平(ping)，因此(ci)當發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容(rong)量有所下降(jiang)時，就(jiu)最(zui)好作一(yi)次放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

　　自己對電(dian)池做放電(dian)有個簡便的(de)(de)方法，就(jiu)是接一個小電(dian)珠(zhu)作為(wei)負載(zai)，但(dan)必須使用電(dian)表來監視電(dian)壓值的(de)(de)變(bian)化，以防過(guo)度放電(dian)。

　　對于充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)選擇，究(jiu)竟是選擇快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)還(huan)是慢速(su)恒流充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，這主要看自己(ji)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)側重點。例(li)如經常(chang)外出使用(yong)(yong)數碼相(xiang)機等(deng)設(she)備的(de)(de)朋友(you)，就應該(gai)選擇快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，以(yi)滿足時間上的(de)(de)要求，甚至可以(yi)購買超高速(su)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，而只(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)隨身聽(ting)等(deng)設(she)備的(de)(de)朋友(you)，恒流充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就能滿足需(xu)要

　　在掌(zhang)握了正確的(de)(de)充(chong)放電(dian)知(zhi)識(shi)后，大家(jia)一(yi)定能更好地使用(yong)自己的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)池。請大家(jia)不要拘泥于快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)。

　　勿(wu)將手(shou)機充(chong)電器放置于潮濕或者(zhe)高溫的(de)條件下，這樣(yang)減少手(shou)機充(chong)電器的(de)使用壽命。

　　在充(chong)電(dian)器的(de)過程(cheng)中會(hui)有(you)一定的(de)發熱(re)現象，在正常的(de)室溫下，只要不(bu)超過六十(shi)攝氏(shi)度屬于(yu)正常顯示，是不(bu)會(hui)損害電(dian)池。由于(yu)手(shou)機的(de)款式和(he)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)時間(jian)不(bu)一致，這與手(shou)機的(de)充(chong)電(dian)器的(de)充(chong)電(dian)性(xing)能(neng)無(wu)關。