鋰電池性能詳解 如何給給MP3充電?
現(xian)在(zai)市場上的(de)(de)(de)MP3屏幕越做越大(da),功能越來越強,但(dan)有(you)一項(xiang)數(shu)據卻多年未變,甚至還有(you)倒退。那就(jiu)是電池容量(liang)。為了追求更(geng)(geng)輕薄的(de)(de)(de)機身,更(geng)(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)便攜性,電池就(jiu)做出了犧(xi)牲。現(xian)在(zai)用(yong)MP3播放(fang)電影大(da)概(gai)可(ke)以看3~4小時,音樂12小時左右。像Q2標示續(xu)航(hang)50小時,是要在(zai)很嚴格的(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)下(xia)才(cai)能達(da)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)。比如,歌曲比特率,電池完(wan)美充電,音效關,音量(liang)限定(ding)等等。那么為了使用(yong)更(geng)(geng)長時間,給大(da)家(jia)講(jiang)講(jiang)怎么“伺候(hou)”電池。
在討論鋰電池之前,我們先要明白鋰電池分為兩類:鋰電池和鋰離子電池。鋰電(dian)池就(jiu)是(shi)電(dian)子表等產品中(zhong)的(de)紐扣電(dian)池,理論上(shang)也可以(yi)充電(dian)。可是(shi)不但(dan)效(xiao)果不好,還容易(yi)短路(lu),所以(yi)一般都是(shi)禁止充電(dian)的(de)。后來(lai)經過索尼公司改進(jin)設計材料,發(fa)明鋰離子電(dian)池。也就(jiu)是(shi)我(wo)們現在廣(guang)泛使用的(de)鋰電(dian)池,安(an)全(quan)性更高,壽命也更長(chang)。以(yi)下討論的(de)鋰電(dian)池,均為(wei)鋰離子電(dian)池。
1.如何充電。
傳說一:電池有記憶性,前三次充電必須充滿,至少12個小時!這種說法指的是鎳電池。鎳電池記憶性較強,一開始激活不充分會影響使用。鋰電池雖然也要激(ji)活(huo),但(dan)很容易,經過3~5次正常充放電就(jiu)可激(ji)活(huo)。其本身也沒有記(ji)憶性(xing)。
經(jing)典(dian)SONY口香糖電池
經(jing)典(dian)SONY口香糖電(dian)池(chi),可以(yi)看到其明確注(zhu)明為(wei)Ni-MH(鎳氫)電(dian)池(chi)。
要注(zhu)意(yi)(yi),過長(chang)時(shi)間(jian)的充電(dian)(dian)反(fan)而會(hui)對鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)造成傷害,所以絕大多數電(dian)(dian)子產品都有充電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的功(gong)能(neng)。當電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充滿后,自動斷電(dian)(dian)。我們無法(fa)保(bao)(bao)證充電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)功(gong)能(neng)一定靠的住,為了以防萬一,大家(jia)還是不(bu)要將電(dian)(dian)池(chi)長(chang)時(shi)間(jian)至于充電(dian)(dian)狀態。另外,有些地方電(dian)(dian)壓不(bu)穩,鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的耐波動性比較差,更長(chang)的充電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian),意(yi)(yi)味著(zhu)更容易受到傷害。
2.什(shen)么時候充電。
傳(chuan)說(shuo)二:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)要盡量(liang)用(yong)光(guang),最好(hao)自動關機再充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。這(zhe)也是說(shuo)鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的。由于鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的記憶性,所以每(mei)次都要用(yong)光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)才能(neng)開(kai)始(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。有些人可能(neng)還(huan)記得,早期(qi)的手機充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)上(shang)還(huan)有“放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”這(zhe)一功能(neng)。但鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)完全不適用(yong)這(zhe)個規則(ze),過分(fen)的放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)反而對(dui)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有害。為了保證鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽(shou)命(ming),最好(hao)在提(ti)示電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)低時就開(kai)始(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
Ni-Cd(鎳鎘(ge))電(dian)池
第一(yi)代充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi),Ni-Cd(鎳鎘)電(dian)池(chi)。有記憶(yi)性且鎘對人體(ti)危害極大(da)。
說一個真實的例(li)子。筆者有(you)一次(ci)出去玩,手機沒有(you)及時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)量完全(quan)用光(guang)。回來就充(chong)不(bu)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)了,不(bu)得不(bu)送客服檢修。這就是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池過度放電(dian)(dian)(dian)導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)過低(di),甚至(zhi)不(bu)具備正常充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)條(tiao)件。
PSP使用(yong)的Li-ion(鋰電池(chi))
3.使用中(zhong)的注意事項。
近幾年不(bu)(bu)斷聽(ting)說手機(ji)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)爆炸的事。輕者燒(shao)毀財物(wu),重(zhong)者甚(shen)至(zhi)燒(shao)傷使(shi)用(yong)者。至(zhi)于爆炸的元兇嘛,就是電(dian)池(chi)(chi)了(le)(廢(fei)話,沒聽(ting)說主板(ban)能爆炸!)。這(zhe)是因為鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的許多材料(liao)與水接(jie)觸后(hou),可發(fa)生(sheng)劇烈的化學反應并釋放(fang)出大量熱,導致發(fa)熱、燃燒(shao)。鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)正(zheng)極(ji)的二氧(yang)化錳,只沾一小滴水便可出現發(fa)熱現象(xiang)。鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的氯化亞硫(liu)與水接(jie)觸后(hou),在生(sheng)成鹽(yan)酸和二氧(yang)化硫(liu)的同(tong)時(shi)(shi)釋放(fang)熱能。明(ming)白了(le)道(dao)理,防范(fan)方法也很(hen)簡單了(le),只要(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)防水防潮就可以了(le)。不(bu)(bu)用(yong)的鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)產品,一定要(yao)把(ba)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)取出單獨(du)放(fang)置。冬(dong)季馬上就要(yao)到了(le),從室外(wai)回(hui)來后(hou)一定要(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)不(bu)(bu)要(yao)把(ba)MP3、手機(ji)等產品繼續放(fang)在衣服兜里。冷凝現象(xiang)會使(shi)產品內外(wai)都變得很(hen)潮濕(shi),要(yao)及時(shi)(shi)通風干燥(zao)。就算電(dian)池(chi)(chi)沒問題,也有可能造成短路,損壞設(she)備。
被電池燒毀的褲子
有些網友(you)也許要問,可以邊(bian)(bian)充(chong)電(dian)邊(bian)(bian)看(kan)電(dian)影嗎?這個問題(ti)不(bu)(bu)能一(yi)概而論。一(yi)些產品(pin)的AC電(dian)路和電(dian)池電(dian)路分開設計,邊(bian)(bian)使用邊(bian)(bian)充(chong)電(dian)完全(quan)(quan)沒(mei)問題(ti)。但有的就不(bu)(bu)可以,如果說明書中(zhong)沒(mei)有寫(xie)明,為了安(an)全(quan)(quan)起見,最好還是咨詢客服吧。
鋰電(dian)池小常識
鋰(li)電池是由(you)鋰(li)金屬(shu)或鋰(li)合金為負極材料(liao)、使用(yong)非(fei)水電解質溶液的電池。反(fan)映過程為:
Li+MnO2=LiMnO2該反應為(wei)氧化(hua)還原反應,放(fang)電。
鋰電(dian)池雖然(ran)近(jin)年才得以廣泛應用(yong)(yong),但它的(de)歷史(shi)很長。第一塊(kuai)鋰電(dian)池是(shi)由(you)大(da)發明家(jia)愛迪生發明的(de)。由(you)于(yu)鋰金屬(shu)非常活(huo)潑(po),對(dui)制(zhi)造工藝提(ti)出很高的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。早期只(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)在航(hang)空航(hang)天或(huo)者軍事領(ling)域,隨著制(zhi)造工藝的(de)提(ti)升,才得以在民用(yong)(yong)設(she)備上推廣。