傳統太陽能電有待改進低碳經濟之戰，已在全球打響，能源高效利用、清潔能源開發是發展低碳經濟的宗旨，利用發展太陽能產業來降低碳排放是低碳領域中的一大話題，從而促進發展可再生能源。我國已成為全球最大的光伏電池生產國。目前(qian)，以光電效應工作的(de)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)式的(de)太陽能電池按結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶狀態可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶系(xi)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)式和(he)(he)非結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶系(xi)薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)式兩(liang)大(da)類，而前(qian)者又分(fen)為(wei)(wei)單結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶形和(he)(he)多結(jie)(jie)(jie)晶形。按材料可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)硅薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)形、化合物半(ban)導體薄(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)形和(he)(he)有機膜(mo)(mo)(mo)形。

　　太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)按照材料的(de)不(bu)(bu)同可(ke)分(fen)為：硅(gui)(gui)(gui)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、多(duo)元(yuan)化合物(wu)薄膜(mo)(mo)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、聚合物(wu)多(duo)層修飾電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極型太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、納米(mi)晶太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)、有(you)機太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。其中硅(gui)(gui)(gui)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)目前(qian)(qian)發(fa)展(zhan)最(zui)(zui)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)，在應(ying)(ying)用(yong)中居主導地位。目前(qian)(qian)，單(dan)晶硅(gui)(gui)(gui)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)轉換效(xiao)率最(zui)(zui)高(gao)，技術也(ye)最(zui)(zui)為成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)熟，但(dan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)價(jia)格(ge)高(gao)，多(duo)晶硅(gui)(gui)(gui)薄膜(mo)(mo)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)與(yu)(yu)單(dan)晶硅(gui)(gui)(gui)比較，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)低廉，而效(xiao)率高(gao)于(yu)非晶硅(gui)(gui)(gui)薄膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。非晶硅(gui)(gui)(gui)薄膜(mo)(mo)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)低重量輕，轉換效(xiao)率較高(gao)，便于(yu)大規模生產，但(dan)受制(zhi)于(yu)其材料引發(fa)的(de)光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率衰退效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)，穩定性不(bu)(bu)高(gao)，直接影響了它的(de)實際應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。可(ke)以看出每(mei)種太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)都有(you)著不(bu)(bu)同的(de)利(li)與(yu)(yu)弊。如此看來(lai)，這也(ye)是(shi)制(zhi)約光伏(fu)產業發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)瓶頸所在。

　　太陽能電池的應用一直因為其高昂的成本而受阻，去尋找一種電池能有效降低成本，使用的材料更少，也擁有很高的效率。我們需要尋找一個低成本而效率高的新型太陽能電池來代替傳統的太陽能電池。多種技術推動“微型閃光”問世美國桑迪亞國家實驗室的科學家們宣布，他們發明了一種新型太陽能電池――“微型閃光”的太陽能電池。這種太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電池(chi)采用(yong)晶體硅制成，在(zai)制造中(zhong)加入了當今電子器(qi)件(jian)廠廣泛使用(yong)的微機電系統（MEMS）。