（E-Bike)電動車其關鍵技術的進展和應用
現代電動自行車是融合電力電子、機械、控制、材料以及化工等領域各種新技術的綜合產品。我國電動自行車發展的總體目標是生產出在性能和價格上都能媲美于燃油助動車的適合于城市交通的綠色輕便代步工具。實現這一目標的關鍵在于開發高性能、低成本、安全可靠的動力蓄電池。盡管目前電池儲能技術還沒有得到相應的發展。但新型蓄電池如氫鎳電池、鋰電池、鋅―空氣電池和燃料電池的問世和快速電池充電器技術(shu)的(de)(de)發明，為電(dian)動自行車最(zui)終取代(dai)燃油(you)助動車提(ti)供了樂(le)觀的(de)(de)保證(zheng)。
電氣傳動系統(tong)
1、電動自(zi)行車(che)對電氣傳動系統的要(yao)求
電(dian)(dian)氣傳動(dong)系統是電(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車(che)的(de)(de)(de)驅動(dong)和控(kong)制中心，其(qi)系統結(jie)(jie)構如(ru)圖1所示(shi)。對其(qi)要求(qiu)是：結(jie)(jie)構簡單(dan)，外形尺(chi)寸小，重(zhong)量輕，效率高，免(mian)維護或少維護。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車(che)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)機應(ying)具(ju)有(you)高功率密度和圖2所示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)矩―轉速(su)(su)特性：基速(su)(su)以(yi)下大轉矩，適應(ying)車(che)輛負荷爬(pa)坡、頻繁起(qi)制動(dong)等(deng)要求(qiu)；基速(su)(su)以(yi)上小轉矩、恒功率，保證(zheng)車(che)輛在(zai)平(ping)坦路(lu)面上快速(su)(su)騎行。同時，電(dian)(dian)機在(zai)整(zheng)個轉矩―轉速(su)(su)運行范圍內應(ying)保持高效率，以(yi)謀求(qiu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)一(yi)次充電(dian)(dian)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)續駛里程盡可能長(chang)。2、無刷直流電(dian)(dian)機的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制規律
無刷(shua)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)具有(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度(du)，其(qi)體積僅為相同(tong)功率(lv)普通直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)50％，且重(zhong)量(liang)輕、效率(lv)高(gao)。用于電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自(zi)(zi)行(xing)車(che)(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)永磁(ci)(ci)無刷(shua)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)兩類：內轉(zhuan)子和(he)(he)外轉(zhuan)子，其(qi)中外轉(zhuan)子電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)更適(shi)合構(gou)成電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)輪(lun)毅，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自(zi)(zi)行(xing)車(che)(che)中有(you)較多應用。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自(zi)(zi)行(xing)車(che)(che)主要在(zai)市區騎行(xing)，車(che)(che)速(su)不高(gao)，并且起、停頻繁，因(yin)此電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)普遍采用多極(ji)三相結構(gou)。控制(zhi)(zhi)器為雙向DC／AC變流(liu)器，車(che)(che)輛(liang)前(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)時(shi)(shi)，變流(liu)器控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作在(zai)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)工(gong)(gong)況；車(che)(che)輛(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)時(shi)(shi)，變流(liu)器控制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作在(zai)發電(dian)(dian)工(gong)(gong)況，實現再生(sheng)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)，將機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換成電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)反饋回蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。圖(tu)3是(shi)(shi)由變流(liu)器、轉(zhuan)子位置檢測器和(he)(he)永磁(ci)(ci)同(tong)步電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)永磁(ci)(ci)無刷(shua)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)原理圖(tu)。其(qi)中變流(liu)器為電(dian)(dian)樞繞組提(ti)供(gong)雙向電(dian)(dian)流(liu)通路，Ui的(de)(de)(de)(de)大小(xiao)和(he)(he)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)決定了驅動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)矩(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數值和(he)(he)方向，即車(che)(che)輛(liang)是(shi)(shi)前(qian)(qian)進(jin)(jin)還是(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)。電(dian)(dian)流(liu)負反饋保證電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)轉(zhuan)矩(ju)跟隨(sui)給定指令Ui變化，可有(you)效地提(ti)高(gao)車(che)(che)輛(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運動(dong)(dong)可控性(xing)(xing)。限于目(mu)前(qian)(qian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)儲能(neng)(neng)水(shui)平，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自(zi)(zi)行(xing)車(che)(che)上采用再生(sheng)制(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)技術(shu)是(shi)(shi)增加(jia)一(yi)次充電(dian)(dian)續駛里程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效方法(fa)。該技術(shu)目(mu)前(qian)(qian)還處(chu)于研究開發階(jie)段。
; 3、減(jian)速系統(tong)的作用
對于相同功率的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，額定(ding)轉(zhuan)速越(yue)高，其額定(ding)轉(zhuan)矩(ju)和對應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流就(jiu)越(yue)小(xiao)，減小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流可降低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)耗(hao)和渦流損耗(hao)，提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)率。采(cai)用(yong)配有減速裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣傳動(dong)(dong)系統，可改善電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自(zi)行車(che)的(de)(de)(de)低(di)(di)速動(dong)(dong)力性能(neng)，保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)始終工作在高速、高效(xiao)(xiao)狀態，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池處(chu)于小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)最佳工況，帶有減速系統的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是將機(ji)(ji)械減速裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)合(he)成一體(ti)化的(de)(de)(de)含油電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)輪毅。直(zhi)(zhi)接車(che)輪驅動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自(zi)行車(che)采(cai)用(yong)低(di)(di)速大(da)轉(zhuan)矩(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，車(che)輛低(di)(di)速前行時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流增(zeng)大(da)，效(xiao)(xiao)率降低(di)(di)；蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大(da)，直(zhi)(zhi)接影(ying)響蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)壽命。但(dan)直(zhi)(zhi)接車(che)輪驅動(dong)(dong)方式(shi)結(jie)構簡(jian)單，價(jia)格便宜，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)自(zi)行車(che)上被廣泛采(cai)用(yong)。
蓄電池及其應用技術(shu)
1、蓄電池
蓄電(dian)池及其應用水(shui)平始終是制約包(bao)括電(dian)動(dong)自行車在內的電(dian)動(dong)車輛進步的瓶頸。世界各主(zhu)要工業國(guo)家紛(fen)紛(fen)投入(ru)巨(ju)大的人力、物(wu)力、財(cai)力開發高能量(liang)、低價格(ge)的蓄電(dian)池，日前已達到實用程度(du)的新型(xing)蓄電(dian)池性能比較見(jian)表一。
鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池不(bu)適合大功(gong)率(lv)連續放電(dian)(dian)，成組一致性差，深度(du)循環會降低能量轉換率(lv)和(he)縮短(duan)使(shi)用壽命，但它的(de)價格優勢(shi)是(shi)無可辯駁的(de)。并且改進后的(de)免維(wei)護(hu)全密封(feng)閥控(kong)式鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池，其比能量、比功(gong)率(lv)、快(kuai)速充電(dian)(dian)性能等指標均較傳統的(de)鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池有大幅(fu)度(du)提高(gao)，因此鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池仍是(shi)我國電(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車目前的(de)首選(xuan)動(dong)力源(yuan)。
電動(dong)車(che)對蓄電池的(de)主要要求是；高能量密(mi)度，使電動(dong)車(che)有較長的(de)一(yi)次充(chong)電續駛里程；高功率密(mi)度，賦(fu)予(yu)電動(dong)車(che)良好(hao)的(de)起動(dong)、加速(su)、爬坡性能；長壽(shou)命，可(ke)有效(xiao)降(jiang)低
表一：
特? 性
鉛酸型電池
?鎘鎳電池
?氫鎳電池
鋰離子電池
比能量/Wh.kg-1
35
55
60
120
能量密度/Wh.L-1
65
85
140
250
單元電壓/V?
2.0
1.2
1.2
3.7
放電曲線
平坦
平坦
平坦
平坦
循環壽命/次
150~140
500~1000
500~1000
?600~1000
月自放電率/%
6
15
25
5
制造(zao)成本/（美元/kWh）
75-150
100-200??
230-500
120-200
記憶效應??
?有
?有
無
無
環境保護
有污染
有污染
?無污染
?無污染
安全性
安全
安全
安全
潛在問題
研制生產情況
生產中
生產中
生產中
實驗中
車輛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運行成本。目前還沒(mei)有(you)一種(zhong)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池能(neng)夠(gou)全面滿足上述要求，但近年來突飛猛進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池制造技術(shu)向人們推(tui)出了各具(ju)特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，如：比能(neng)量80Wh/kg、比功率(lv)100W／kg的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鈉硫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，重量輕、功率(lv)密度大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，可以“再(zai)生(sheng)”方(fang)式置換陽(yang)極電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋅―空氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，以及能(neng)量轉(zhuan)換效率(lv)高(gao)達80％的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)燃料電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。這些(xie)新型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現打(da)破(po)了鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池一統天(tian)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)格局，正如美(mei)國先(xian)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池聯合體(usABc)預言的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)那樣(yang)：鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)成熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，但其性(xing)能(neng)提高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)潛力(li)有(you)限，氫(qing)鎳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)一種(zhong)較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中期解決(jue)方(fang)案(an)，而(er)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池則是(shi)未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)希望。
2、電池應用技(ji)術
1967年由美國科學家J．A．Mas提出了蓄電池充電器的麥氏三定律，從而奠定了電池充電器的理論基(ji)礎。以此為基(ji)礎，人們建(jian)立了脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)去極(ji)化充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)，其核心思想是在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)前和充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)適時地加入(ru)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)，消除(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的極(ji)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。實踐證(zheng)明：與傳統充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)相(xiang)比，采用(yong)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)去極(ji)化充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)不但可以實現快充(chong)(chong)(chong)而且電(dian)(dian)(dian)池循環壽命(ming)會延長。因此，脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)去極(ji)化充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)成為快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)的主流方(fang)式(shi)。美國、英國、加拿(na)大等國家在20世紀80年(nian)代初就研制(zhi)出(chu)了由微機控制(zhi)的，可向電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行(xing)車、電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車提供(gong)應急充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)服務的公用(yong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站。雖然目前還沒有關于超快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的行(xing)業標準(zhun)(zhun)，但公認的準(zhun)(zhun)則是在15min內(nei)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)他補充(chong)(chong)(chong)30％-50％的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量，30min內(nei)補充(chong)(chong)(chong)80％的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量760min內(nei)完全充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。例如：加拿(na)大Norvik。
Traction的快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，最大輸(shu)出功率150kW，可以同時給(gei)6個電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，15min內給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)補充(chong)(chong)(chong)50％的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，其價格約10萬美元(yuan)。目前我(wo)國還沒有實用(yong)(yong)(yong)化的公用(yong)(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，與電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)配套使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器以家用(yong)(yong)(yong)夜充(chong)(chong)(chong)型為主，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間8-10h，快速(su)(su)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時間2-4h。
電池電量檢測和電池能量管理系統是繼電池充電器充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)之后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)應用(yong)(yong)中的(de)另兩個主要問題。車(che)(che)(che)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)員檢測(ce)系統(tong)既有(you)傳統(tong)燃油汽(qi)車(che)(che)(che)的(de)油量計(ji)作用(yong)(yong)，又有(you)防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)過(guo)充(chong)、過(guo)放的(de)監(jian)測(ce)環節。用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)輛的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)能量管(guan)理系統(tong)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)有(you)：(1)對車(che)(che)(che)載用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)進行管(guan)制，達到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能合理分配使用(yong)(yong)，最終實(shi)現節能目的(de)；(2)監(jian)控電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)工作狀態(tai)，防止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)過(guo)充(chong)、過(guo)放，及時(shi)發現嚴(yan)重損(sun)壞的(de)單元電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，并采取應急措施防止(zhi)故障擴大；(3)記錄(lu)無放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)數據，實(shi)現優化充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
國內外(wai)電動自行車
性能比較
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車(che)(che)是全(quan)世(shi)界電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)輛(liang)工(gong)業中(zhong)發展(zhan)最快的(de)。目前(qian)，日本(ben)的(de)松下、三菱重(zhong)工(gong)、雅(ya)馬哈、本(ben)田(tian)，德(de)國(guo)(guo)的(de)奔馳、大(da)眾，美(mei)國(guo)(guo)的(de)艾科(ke)卡(ka)等已致力(li)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車(che)(che)的(de)規模化生(sheng)產(chan)。其(qi)產(chan)品以(yi)助(zhu)力(li)型(power asistant system，簡稱PAs)為(wei)主，pas的(de)特點是把人力(li)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能在不需要(yao)特殊操作的(de)情況(kuang)下巧妙地(di)結(jie)合起來：當車(che)(che)速小于(yu)20km／h的(de)，助(zhu)力(li)比為(wei)1：1；車(che)(che)速大(da)于(yu)20km／h時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)自動(dong)切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，車(che)(che)輛(liang)依靠人力(li)騎行。顯(xian)然助(zhu)力(li)系(xi)統的(de)目的(de)不在于(yu)提高速度，而是在保證安(an)全(quan)的(de)前(qian)提下通(tong)過(guo)減小騎行負荷(he)達到節約騎車(che)(che)人體力(li)的(de)目的(de)。我國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車(che)(che)以(yi)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)型為(wei)主，其(qi)主要(yao)參數為(wei)最高時(shi)速20km/h、工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)24v/36v，一次無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)續(xu)駛里程40-55km，整(zheng)車(che)(che)重(zhong)量35-38kg，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)功率130-180W，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)普遍采用永磁無(wu)刷直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，其(qi)控制器選(xuan)用功率MosFET為(wei)主開(kai)關管，具有限(xian)流(liu)、欠壓(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)過(guo)熱和剎車(che)(che)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等保護(hu)功能。縱(zong)觀國(guo)(guo)內外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車(che)(che)的(de)發展(zhan)情況(kuang)，就電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)(che)自身而言，國(guo)(guo)產(chan)車(che)(che)、進口車(che)(che)并無(wu)明(ming)顯(xian)差距，但國(guo)(guo)產(chan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車(che)(che)有明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)價格(ge)優勢，一般在人民幣3000-4000元(yuan)(yuan)/輛(liang)，而美(mei)國(guo)(guo)達到1800美(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)/輛(liang)，歐洲達2000美(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)/輛(liang)，日本(ben)650-1500美(mei)元(yuan)(yuan)/輛(liang)。
我(wo)國電(dian)(dian)動自(zi)(zi)行(xing)車(che)產業(ye)的(de)(de)發展有別于其它家電(dian)(dian)行(xing)業(ye)，它一開始就(jiu)在走國產化的(de)(de)道(dao)路。中國的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動自(zi)(zi)行(xing)車(che)有著光(guang)明(ming)的(de)(de)市場前景(jing)。相信隨著電(dian)(dian)池(chi)儲能技術(shu)的(de)(de)改進(jin)和應用水(shui)平的(de)(de)提高，電(dian)(dian)動自(zi)(zi)行(xing)車(che)一定能成為(wei)城市綠色代步(bu)工具(ju)。