在鋰離子充電器產(chan)品中(zhong)(zhong),手機(ji)充(chong)電(dian)器是市場上的(de)主流產(chan)品。雖然鋰(li)離(li)子充(chong)電(dian)器市場被(bei)看好,但鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)池(chi)對充(chong)電(dian)器的(de)要求非常苛刻(ke)。設(she)計生產(chan)鋰(li)離(li)子充(chong)電(dian)器,需要滿足幾大要求。在鋰(li)離(li)子充(chong)電(dian)器中(zhong)(zhong),電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)器芯片(pian)(pian)在系統設(she)計中(zhong)(zhong)扮演著重要的(de)角色。高(gao)性價比(bi)的(de)芯片(pian)(pian)受市場歡(huan)迎。

　　在(zai)手機(ji)、個人媒體播放器、數(shu)碼相(xiang)機(ji)、導(dao)航(hang)系統(tong)等便攜(xie)產品市場的(de)推(tui)動下,鋰離子充電器市場的(de)前(qian)景被業界(jie)廣泛(fan)看好。

　　鋰離子充電器市(shi)場巨(ju)大

　　根(gen)據諾基亞公(gong)司的預測(ce),2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)球(qiu)手(shou)機(ji)銷售量將(jiang)達12億部,比2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長10%。即使按(an)照(zhao)每部手(shou)機(ji)在出廠時(shi)只(zhi)配一(yi)個鋰離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電器,該市場(chang)的需(xu)(xu)求也(ye)要12億個之多。根(gen)據市場(chang)調研(yan)公(gong)司賽迪顧問(wen)的預測(ce),2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)中國MP3銷量達到200多萬臺,與此同時(shi),MP4和MP5等(deng)新概(gai)念播(bo)放器也(ye)突破200萬臺,去(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)這兩個市場(chang)總計需(xu)(xu)要400多萬個鋰離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電器。

　　記者了解到,目前中(zhong)國是全球鋰離(li)子充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)最(zui)大(da)的(de)生產地,去年(nian)共計(ji)生產了5億(yi)個充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi),其(qi)中(zhong)1億(yi)多(duo)個銷售在國內(nei),其(qi)余(yu)都(dou)銷往國外(wai)。而(er)內(nei)地市場上有超過幾百家(jia)的(de)鋰離(li)子充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)制造(zao)商,其(qi)中(zhong)大(da)多(duo)數為(wei)中(zhong)小型企業(ye),平均每(mei)家(jia)廠商的(de)月產能在幾十萬(wan)個以上,廣東省聚集了最(zui)多(duo)的(de)鋰離(li)子充電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)制造(zao)商。

　　在(zai)鋰離子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器產(chan)(chan)品中(zhong),手機充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是(shi)市(shi)場上的(de)主流產(chan)(chan)品。崧順(shun)國(guo)際有(you)限公(gong)司(si)研(yan)發部技術(shu)總監喻德(de)茂向(xiang)《中(zhong)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子報》記者(zhe)介(jie)(jie)紹(shao)(shao)說,今(jin)年他們公(gong)司(si)主要(yao)設計生產(chan)(chan)手機充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器以及PDA、MP4、隨身(shen)充(chong)(chong)等一些特殊的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。而(er)東莞市(shi)石(shi)龍富(fu)華電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子有(you)限公(gong)司(si)開發中(zhong)心經(jing)理林(lin)俊(jun)容(rong)則介(jie)(jie)紹(shao)(shao)說,今(jin)年他們設計的(de)手機充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器中(zhong),主要(yao)是(shi)5V充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器,充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)500mA-800mA之間,這些產(chan)(chan)品的(de)特色包括(kuo)：安全,環保(bao),節(jie)能,通用。

　　充電器(qi)要(yao)符(fu)合安全環(huan)保法規

　　雖然鋰離子充電器市場被看好(hao),但鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)對(dui)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)非常苛刻,要(yao)設計生產鋰離子充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器,需要(yao)滿足(zu)幾大要(yao)求(qiu)。其中,基本(ben)要(yao)求(qiu)是充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時要(yao)保持特定的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),即恒(heng)流(liu)恒(heng)壓(ya)方式,這才能(neng)保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)安全(quan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。而且,為有效利(li)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量,需將(jiang)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至最大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),但是過(guo)(guo)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會(hui)造成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)損壞,這就要(yao)求(qiu)過(guo)(guo)壓(ya)保護。

　　另外,鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)還增加(jia)了其他(ta)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)輔助(zhu)功(gong)能(neng),目的是為了改善電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命,簡化充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的操作(zuo),其中包括(kuo)給過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)涓流充電(dian)(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓檢測(ce),輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)流限制,充電(dian)(dian)(dian)完成后關斷(duan)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi),電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)部分放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后自(zi)動(dong)(dong)啟動(dong)(dong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)等。這些所有及部分功(gong)能(neng)都可以在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯片(pian)中實現(xian),當(dang)然,也可利用(yong)ASIC(專用(yong)集(ji)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)路)、分立器(qi)件或在微(wei)處理(li)器(qi)的基(ji)礎上用(yong)軟(ruan)件實現(xian)。

　　而最近(jin)幾年(nian),解決鋰離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)靜(jing)態(tai)能(neng)耗問題(ti)也逐步成為充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器設計(ji)過程中的(de)一個重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)環節總體來說(shuo),鋰離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器在(zai)設計(ji)過程中在(zai)安全(quan)、環保和能(neng)耗上必需滿(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)不同的(de)國(guo)際(ji)和國(guo)內標準。東(dong)莞市石龍富華電(dian)(dian)子有限公司開(kai)發中心經理(li)(li)林俊容向《中國(guo)電(dian)(dian)子報》記者(zhe)介(jie)紹說(shuo),在(zai)安全(quan)方(fang)(fang)面,鋰離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)國(guo)內3C/GB4943的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu),要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)取得3C認(ren)證和TLC認(ren)證,還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)YD1591規定,出口則要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)完全(quan)符(fu)合(he)國(guo)際(ji)上IEC60950的(de)安全(quan)規定和要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu);在(zai)環保方(fang)(fang)面,鋰離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)符(fu)合(he)《電(dian)(dian)子信(xin)息(xi)產品(pin)污染控制管理(li)(li)辦法》,或要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)符(fu)合(he)國(guo)際(ji)的(de)RoHS要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu);在(zai)能(neng)耗方(fang)(fang)面,鋰離(li)子充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)滿(man)足(zu)(zu)(zu)YD/T1591中關于(yu)效率與無負載(zai)能(neng)量消(xiao)耗方(fang)(fang)面的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu),或國(guo)際(ji)上的(de)CEC(加州能(neng)源委員(yuan)會(hui))及能(neng)源之(zhi)星(xing)(EnergyStar)的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。

芯片勝在性價比

　　在鋰(li)離子充(chong)電器(qi)中,電池充(chong)電器(qi)芯片在系統(tong)設計(ji)中扮演(yan)著重要的(de)角色。它是控制鋰(li)離子充(chong)電狀態的(de)功率(lv)器(qi)件。目前,市場(chang)上主流(liu)的(de)充(chong)電器(qi)芯片包括技領(ling)半(ban)(ban)導體(ACT)、美國超(chao)捷半(ban)(ban)導體(PI)、意法半(ban)(ban)導體(ST)、飛思卡爾(Freescale)、昂寶(OB)及懷格有限公司(IW)等廠家的(de)芯片。

　　在(zai)這些主(zhu)流(liu)芯(xin)片中(zhong),ACT的(de)(de)(de)(de)芯(xin)片單價(jia)最(zui)低,各種(zhong)性能都達(da)到了廠(chang)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求,因此市場也最(zui)火。去年ACT銷售了1億多個鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)充(chong)電器芯(xin)片,中(zhong)國國內的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)充(chong)電器廠(chang)商(shang)基本都有(you)基于(yu)ACT芯(xin)片的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電器產(chan)(chan)品(pin)系列(lie)。此外,PI和(he)(he)ST的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)在(zai)市場上的(de)(de)(de)(de)占有(you)率(lv)也非常(chang)高。其(qi)中(zhong),PI的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)性能非常(chang)好(hao),但價(jia)格也非常(chang)貴,以前,外資鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)充(chong)電器廠(chang)商(shang)大多都采用PI的(de)(de)(de)(de)芯(xin)片。而(er)市場上的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)流(liu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)型號包括ACT的(de)(de)(de)(de)ACT30和(he)(he)ACT35、ST的(de)(de)(de)(de)VIPER12系列(lie)、PI的(de)(de)(de)(de)LNK系列(lie)及昂(ang)寶(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)OB系列(lie)。

　　崧順國際有限公(gong)司研發部(bu)技術總(zong)監(jian)喻德茂(mao)向記者介紹說,鋰離子(zi)充電器企業在(zai)選擇芯片時(shi),要考(kao)慮(lv)芯片的性能穩定(ding)度(du),是(shi)否便于(yu)設(she)計(ji)生產,價格是(shi)否優惠(hui),是(shi)不是(shi)能夠滿(man)足CEC及Energystar等相關要求。而東莞(guan)市(shi)石龍富華電子(zi)有限公(gong)司開發中(zhong)心經(jing)理(li)林俊容表示,他們在(zai)選擇時(shi)考(kao)慮(lv)的是(shi)成本和(he)品質的綜合比(bi)較,也(ye)就是(shi)性價比(bi)上的考(kao)慮(lv)。

　　而充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器芯片廠商主要在(zai)安全性,像(xiang)控制精(jing)(jing)度(du)、熱處理等方面改善(shan)設(she)計。像(xiang)飛(fei)思卡爾(er)日前推出(chu)了一系(xi)列鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路產品MC34671、MC34673和(he)MC34674,具有高精(jing)(jing)確(que)度(du)和(he)高集(ji)成(cheng)度(du)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路可以(yi)在(zai)整個溫度(du)范圍內提(ti)供±0.4%的(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)精(jing)(jing)確(que)度(du)和(he)±5%的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流精(jing)(jing)確(que)度(du)。這些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路為單個鋰離子(zi)或(huo)鋰聚合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)提(ti)供高達1.2A的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。高輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)功能(最高達28V)是專(zhuan)為消除手持(chi)器件所需(xu)的(de)外(wai)部輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)需(xu)要而設(she)計的(de),有助于降低系(xi)統成(cheng)本和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路板空間。

　　而與此同時,Maxim(美信)也(ye)推出MAX8814首款額定28V的(de)(de)單輸入充(chong)電器,可以承受高(gao)達28V的(de)(de)輸入瞬(shun)態變化。該器件通過集成Maxim專有的(de)(de)溫度及恒(heng)流恒(heng)壓(CCCV)調節(jie)電路,可以避免快(kuai)速充(chong)電過程中出現過熱,簡化了(le)硬(ying)件設計。

　　此外,微芯等企業也都推出了新的鋰離子充電器芯(xin)(xin)片產(chan)品,而(er)芯(xin)(xin)片企業在不斷(duan)提(ti)高產(chan)品性(xing)能、安全性(xing)和(he)低(di)功耗水平之(zhi)外(wai),降低(di)成本,提(ti)高性(xing)價比(bi)也是應該重點關(guan)注的。